Economic Indicators | Foreign Trade in Figures | Sources of General Economic Information | Political Outline

Economic Indicators

The Indonesian economy has emerged from the global financial crisis relatively unscathed. It proved to be more resistant than the neighboring economies due to the low share of exports in the economy as a whole and the importance of private consumption since the country has a large domestic market. A stimulus package is tax cuts, increases in subsidies and additional expenditure commitments, was also used to cushion the effects of the crisis.The country adopted a stimulus plan which lowered taxes, increased subsidies and commitments for supplemental expenditures, which have allowed to soften the effects of the crisis. The growth has accelerated in 2011, estimated at 6.4% of the GDP, under the effects of the revival of investments and the continuous growth of private consumption. Due to its political stability, low public debt and dynamic domestic consumption, the rating agency Fitch raised the sovereign debt of Indonesia to the level of "investment grade" in December 2011.

However, the outlook for 2012 seem less favorable. The crisis of the sovereign debt of the eurozone countries, the decline in demand and commodity prices, inflation threatening food products, the volatility of financial markets and the shortage of bank credit are all risk factors of Indonesian growth. The Central Bank of Indonesia was also forced to revise its growth forecast for 2012: 6.3% instead of 6.7%.

Despite the good results from the main economic indicators, structural reforms are required. Priority is given to promoting growth and investment in order to support job creation, as well as monetary stabilization. The government is also planning to modify its policy of subsidies for oil products. A new law on land acquisition has been adopted, aiming to boost investment in infrastructure. Despite the many scandals having undermined its credibility, the government has re-confirmed its commitment to fight against corruption, which is undermining the business climate. In addition, the protection of the environment is a major challenge in Indonesia.

Although it has been decreasing since 2008, the unemployment rate remains high and many workers are in a precarious condition. A large part of the population lives below the poverty line and the gap between the very rich and the very poor does not seem to be diminishing.

Main Indicators	2009	2010	2011	2012 (e)	2013 (e)
GDP (billions USD)	538.46	706.75	834.34	936.49	1,031.92
GDP (Constant Prices, Annual % Change)	4.6	6.1	6.4	6.3	6.7
GDP per Capita (USD)	2,327	2,974	3,469e	3,848	4,190
General Government Balance (in % of GDP)	-1.7	-1.2e	-1.7e	-1.3	-1.2
General Government Gross Debt (in % of GDP)	28.6	27.4e	25.2e	24.0	22.7
Inflation Rate (%)	4.8	5.1e	5.7e	6.5	5.4
Unemployment Rate (% of the Labor Force)	7.9	7.1	6.8	6.6	6.3
Current Account (billions USD)	13.58	5.64e	1.54e	-4.02	-6.63
Current Account (in % of GDP)	2.5	0.8	0.2	-0.6	-

Source: IMF - World Economic Outlook Database ; World Bank , Last Available Data

Note: (e) Estimated Data

Main Sectors of Industry

The agricultural sector contributes to nearly 16% of the country’s GDP and employs nearly 40% of the active population. Indonesia is one of the largest rubber producers in the world. Other major crops are rice, sugar cane, coffee, tea, tobacco, palm oil, coconuts and spices. Indonesia is the only Asian country to be an member of the OPEC to which it assures 5% of its production. However, it is still a net importer of oil. The country has great exploitable timber lands and mainly exports timber.

Industries contribute to around half of the GDP. The industrial sector includes manufacturing of textiles, cement, chemical fertilizers, electronic products, rubber tires, clothing and shoes (most of these are for the American market). Wood processing is also a major activity.

The tertiary sector (financial institutions, transportation and communications) contributes to around a third of the GDP. The banking sector is well-developed. The Islamic bank Syariah has expanded rapidly during these recent years. Tourism is a major source of revenue, however, the sector has suffered from terrorist threats and natural catastrophes.

Breakdown of Economic Activity By Sector	Agriculture	Industry	Services
Employment By Sector (in % of Total Employment)	39.7	18.8	41.5
Value Added (in % of GDP)	15.9	48.8	35.3
Value Added (Annual % Change)	2.9	4.7	9.4

Source: World Bank - Last Available Data.

Monetary Indicators	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010
Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) - Average Annual Exchange Rate For 1 USD	9,159.32	9,141.00	9,698.96	10,389.94	9,090.43

Source: World Bank - Last Available Data.

Learn more about Market Analysis about Indonesia on Globaltrade.net, the Directory for International Trade Services.

Indicator of Economic Freedom

Score:: 56.0/100
Position:: Mostly unfree
World Rank:: 112/179
Regional Rank:: 21/38

Distribution of Economic freedom in the world
Source: 2011 Index of Economic freedom, Heritage Foundation

Country Risk

See the Country Risk Analysis Provided By Ducroire.

Foreign Trade in Figures

Indonesia is a member of the WTO and ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian nations). Indonesia is open to foreign trade, which represented on average almost 50% of the GDP in 2008-2010.

The country shows a positive trade balance, however it has diminished in 2009 under the effect of the global recession and the fall of the price in raw materials; however, it still remained on a surplus due to a small contraction of exports in relation to imports. After beginning to grow again in 2010, exports rose strongly in 2011, supported by the increase in commodity prices and by the demand from developing countries. Likewise, the strong domestic demand has lead to a rise in imports. Due to lower global demand, a decrease in export is expected in 2012.

The three main export partners of Indonesia are Japan, the United States and Southeast Asia. The commodities that are mainly exported are mineral fuels and hydrocarbons, electrical equipment, animal and vegetable fats & oils, nuclear reactors & boilers, and rubber. Its main import partners are Southeast Asia, Japan and China. The commodities that are mainly imported are mineral fuels & oils, nuclear reactors & boilers, iron & steel, electric & electronic equipment, and organic chemicals.

Foreign Trade Indicators	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010
Imports of Goods (million USD)	80,346	92,777	126,950	89,964	131,690
Exports of Goods (million USD)	103,527	118,013	139,606	119,646	158,200
Imports of Services (million USD)	21,175	24,075	27,994	27,625	32,624
Exports of Services (million USD)	11,093	12,074	14,731	13,238	16,548
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change)	8.6	9.1	10.0	-15.0	17.3
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change)	9.4	8.5	9.5	-9.7	14.9
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP)	25.6	25.4	28.8	21.4	23.0
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP)	31.0	29.4	29.8	24.2	24.6
Trade Balance (million USD)	29,660	32,754	22,915	30,932	30,628
Trade Balance (Including Service) (million USD)	19,786	20,913	9,917	21,191	21,308
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP)	56.7	54.8	58.6	45.5	47.6

Source: WTO - World Trade Organization ; World Bank , Last Available Data

Main Partner Countries

Main Customers (% of Exports)	2010
Japan	16.3%
China	9.9%
United States	9.1%
Singapore	8.7%
South Korea	8.0%
India	6.3%
Malaysia	5.9%
Thailand	2.9%
Australia	2.7%
Netherlands	2.4%
Philippines	2.0%
Germany	1.9%
Hong Kong	1.6%
Italy	1.5%
Spain	1.5%
Vietnam	1.2%
United Kingdom	1.1%
Brazil	1.0%
United Arab Emirates	0.9%
Belgium	0.8%
See More Countries	48.0%

Main Suppliers (% of Imports)	2010
China	15.1%
Singapore	14.9%
Japan	12.5%
United States	6.9%
Malaysia	6.4%
South Korea	5.7%
Thailand	5.5%
Saudi Arabia	3.2%
Australia	3.0%
India	2.4%
Germany	2.2%
Hong Kong	1.4%
Brazil	1.3%
Kuwait	1.0%
France	1.0%
Vietnam	0.8%
Canada	0.8%
Russia	0.8%
Argentina	0.7%
United Kingdom	0.7%
See More Countries	44.2%

Source: Comtrade, Last Available Data

Main Products

Main Exports (% of Exports)	2010
Coal, briquettes, ovoids etc, made from coalCoal, briquettes, ovoids etc, made from coal	11.5%
Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbonsPetroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons	8.7%
Palm oil and its fractions, not chemically...Palm oil and its fractions, not chemically modified	8.5%
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals,...Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals, crude	6.6%
Natural rubber and gums, in primary form, plates,...Natural rubber and gums, in primary form, plates, etc	4.6%
Copper ores and concentratesCopper ores and concentrates	4.4%
Coconut, palm kernel, babassu oil, fractions,...Coconut, palm kernel, babassu oil, fractions, refined	1.5%
Refined copper and copper alloys, unwroughtRefined copper and copper alloys, unwrought	1.4%
Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except...Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude	1.4%
Uncoated paper for writing, printing, office...Uncoated paper for writing, printing, office machines	1.3%
Petroleum coke, bitumen & other oil industry...Petroleum coke, bitumen & other oil industry residues	1.1%
Unwrought tinUnwrought tin	1.1%
Footwear with uppers of leatherFootwear with uppers of leather	1.1%
Plywood, veneered panels and similar laminated...Plywood, veneered panels and similar laminated wood	1.0%
Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, not...Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, not dissolving	0.9%
Nickel matte, interim products of nickel...Nickel matte, interim products of nickel metallurgy	0.9%
Other furniture and parts thereofOther furniture and parts thereof	0.9%
New pneumatic tyres, of rubberNew pneumatic tyres, of rubber	0.9%
Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roastedCocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted	0.8%
Gold, unwrought, semi-manufactured, powder formGold, unwrought, semi-manufactured, powder form	0.7%
Parts and accessories for motor vehiclesParts and accessories for motor vehicles	0.7%
Motor vehicles for transport of persons (except...Motor vehicles for transport of persons (except buses)	0.7%
Radio and tv transmitters, television camerasRadio and tv transmitters, television cameras	0.7%
Printing and ancillary machineryPrinting and ancillary machinery	0.6%
CrustaceansCrustaceans	0.6%
Video recording and reproducing apparatusVideo recording and reproducing apparatus	0.6%
Chemical industry products nesChemical industry products nes	0.6%
Insulated wire and cable, optical fibre cableInsulated wire and cable, optical fibre cable	0.6%
Womens, girls suits, jacket, dress, skirt, etc,...Womens, girls suits, jacket, dress, skirt, etc, woven	0.6%
Automatic data processing machines (computers)Automatic data processing machines (computers)	0.6%
Paper, board, clay, inorganic coated at least one...Paper, board, clay, inorganic coated at least one side	0.5%
Coffee, coffee husks and skins and coffee...Coffee, coffee husks and skins and coffee substitutes	0.5%
Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, etc, knit or...Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, etc, knit or crochet	0.5%
Yarn (not sewing), synthetic staple fibre, not...Yarn (not sewing), synthetic staple fibre, not retail	0.5%
Copper wireCopper wire	0.5%
Special purpose ships, vessels, nesSpecial purpose ships, vessels, nes	0.5%
Cyclic hydrocarbonsCyclic hydrocarbons	0.5%
Electric transformers,static converters and...Electric transformers,static converters and rectifiers	0.4%
Electric apparatus for line telephony, telegraphyElectric apparatus for line telephony, telegraphy	0.4%
Woven synthetic filament yarn, monofilament ...Woven synthetic filament yarn, monofilament >67dtex	0.4%
Synthetic filament yarn(not sewing thread) not...Synthetic filament yarn(not sewing thread) not retail	0.4%
Womens or girls' blouses, shirts and shirt-blousesWomens or girls' blouses, shirts and shirt-blouses	0.4%
Parts, accessories, except covers, for office...Parts, accessories, except covers, for office machines	0.4%
Television receivers, video monitors, projectorsTelevision receivers, video monitors, projectors	0.3%
T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knit or...T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knit or crochet	0.3%
Nickel ores and concentratesNickel ores and concentrates	0.3%
Mens or boys suits, jackets, trousers etc not knitMens or boys suits, jackets, trousers etc not knit	0.3%
Prepr binder for foundryPrepr binder for foundry	0.3%
Electronic integrated circuits and microassembliesElectronic integrated circuits and microassemblies	0.3%
Electrical switches, connectors, etc, for < 1kvElectrical switches, connectors, etc, for < 1kv	0.3%
Acyclic alcohols and their derivativesAcyclic alcohols and their derivatives	0.3%
Men's or boys' shirtsMen's or boys' shirts	0.3%
Seats (except dentist, barber, etc chairs)Seats (except dentist, barber, etc chairs)	0.3%
Wood continuously shaped along any edgesWood continuously shaped along any edges	0.3%
Aluminium ores and concentratesAluminium ores and concentrates	0.3%
Plastic plate, sheet, film not cellular,...Plastic plate, sheet, film not cellular, reinforced	0.3%
Oxygen-function amino-compoundsOxygen-function amino-compounds	0.3%
Cigars, cigarettes etc, tobacco or tobacco...Cigars, cigarettes etc, tobacco or tobacco substitute	0.3%
Tube or hollow profile, seamless iron/steel not...Tube or hollow profile, seamless iron/steel not cast	0.3%
Parts, accessories of audio, video recording...Parts, accessories of audio, video recording equipment	0.3%
Polyacetals, polyethers, polycarbonates, etc,...Polyacetals, polyethers, polycarbonates, etc, primary	0.3%
Artificial staple fibres, not carded or combedArtificial staple fibres, not carded or combed	0.3%
Footwear with uppers of textile materialsFootwear with uppers of textile materials	0.3%
Ferro-alloysFerro-alloys	0.2%
SoapsSoaps	0.2%
Electric accumulatorsElectric accumulators	0.2%
Womens, girls suit, dress, skirt, etc, knit or...Womens, girls suit, dress, skirt, etc, knit or crochet	0.2%
Yarn (not sewing), artificial staple fibre, not...Yarn (not sewing), artificial staple fibre, not retail	0.2%
Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solutionAmmonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution	0.2%
Radio, radio-telephony receiversRadio, radio-telephony receivers	0.2%
Mens, boys overcoats, capes, windjackets etc,...Mens, boys overcoats, capes, windjackets etc, woven	0.2%
Refrigerators, freezers and heat pumps nesRefrigerators, freezers and heat pumps nes	0.2%
Primary cells and primary batteriesPrimary cells and primary batteries	0.2%
Margarine, edible animal or veg oil preparations...Margarine, edible animal or veg oil preparations nes	0.2%
Lignite, except jetLignite, except jet	0.2%
Unwrought aluminiumUnwrought aluminium	0.2%
Electrical capacitors, fixed, variable or...Electrical capacitors, fixed, variable or adjustable	0.2%
Crustaceans, molluscs, etc, prepared or preservedCrustaceans, molluscs, etc, prepared or preserved	0.2%
Containers, bobbins and packages, of plasticsContainers, bobbins and packages, of plastics	0.2%
Parts for use with lifting, moving machineryParts for use with lifting, moving machinery	0.2%
Fish, frozen, wholeFish, frozen, whole	0.2%
Footwear nes, with outer sole, upper rubber or...Footwear nes, with outer sole, upper rubber or plastic	0.2%
Cotton yarn not sewing thread >85% cotton, not...Cotton yarn not sewing thread >85% cotton, not retail	0.2%
Brassieres, girdles, corsets, braces, suspenders,...Brassieres, girdles, corsets, braces, suspenders, etc	0.2%
Builders joinery and carpentry, of woodBuilders joinery and carpentry, of wood	0.2%
Passenger and goods transport ships, boatsPassenger and goods transport ships, boats	0.2%
Paper, household, sanitary, width > 36 centimetresPaper, household, sanitary, width > 36 centimetres	0.2%
Audio-electronic equipment, except recording...Audio-electronic equipment, except recording devices	0.2%
Hot-rolled products, iron/steel, width>600mm, not...Hot-rolled products, iron/steel, width>600mm, not clad	0.2%
Electric motors and generators, except generating...Electric motors and generators, except generating sets	0.2%
Diodes, transistors, semi-conductors, etcDiodes, transistors, semi-conductors, etc	0.2%
Mineral or chemical fertilizers, nitrogenousMineral or chemical fertilizers, nitrogenous	0.2%
Ignition/starter equipment, internal combustion...Ignition/starter equipment, internal combustion engine	0.2%
Parts for radio, tv transmission, receive...Parts for radio, tv transmission, receive equipment	0.2%
Fish fillets, fish meat, mince except liver, roeFish fillets, fish meat, mince except liver, roe	0.2%
Rubber clothing and accessories, except hard...Rubber clothing and accessories, except hard rubber	0.2%
Pepper (piper), crushed or ground capsicum,...Pepper (piper), crushed or ground capsicum, pimenta	0.2%
Parts for internal combustion spark ignition...Parts for internal combustion spark ignition engines	0.2%
Air, vacuum pumps, compressors, ventilating fans,...Air, vacuum pumps, compressors, ventilating fans, etc	0.2%
Oil-cake other than soya-bean or groundnutOil-cake other than soya-bean or groundnut	0.2%
Cocoa butter, fat, oilCocoa butter, fat, oil	0.2%
Fish, fresh or chilled, wholeFish, fresh or chilled, whole	0.1%
Electric filament, discharge lampsElectric filament, discharge lamps	0.1%
Aluminium plates, sheets and strip, thickness > 0...Aluminium plates, sheets and strip, thickness > 0.2 mm	0.1%
Jewellery and parts, containing precious metalJewellery and parts, containing precious metal	0.1%
Coal-tar distillation products including oilsCoal-tar distillation products including oils	0.1%
Parts and accessories of bicycles, motorcycles,...Parts and accessories of bicycles, motorcycles, etc	0.1%
Prepared or preserved fish, fish eggs, caviarPrepared or preserved fish, fish eggs, caviar	0.1%
Structures, parts of structures of iron or steel,...Structures, parts of structures of iron or steel, nes	0.1%
Electric equipment with heating element, domestic...Electric equipment with heating element, domestic etc	0.1%
Insecticides, fungicides, herbicides etc (retail)Insecticides, fungicides, herbicides etc (retail)	0.1%
Medicaments, therapeutic, prophylactic use, in...Medicaments, therapeutic, prophylactic use, in dosage	0.1%
Wigs, false beards, eyebrows and eyelashesWigs, false beards, eyebrows and eyelashes	0.1%
Baked bread, pastry, wafers, rice paper, biscuits,...Baked bread, pastry, wafers, rice paper, biscuits, etc	0.1%
Musical instruments electrical, requiring...Musical instruments electrical, requiring amplifier	0.1%
Tobacco unmanufactured, tobacco refuseTobacco unmanufactured, tobacco refuse	0.1%
Copper, copper alloy, waste or scrapCopper, copper alloy, waste or scrap	0.1%
Dolls representing only human beingsDolls representing only human beings	0.1%
Organic surface active agent, preparation, except...Organic surface active agent, preparation, except soap	0.1%
Iron ores and concentrates, roasted iron pyritesIron ores and concentrates, roasted iron pyrites	0.1%
Mens, boys suits,jackets,trousers etc knit or...Mens, boys suits,jackets,trousers etc knit or crochet	0.1%
TeaTea	0.1%
Float glass, surface ground, polished glass in...Float glass, surface ground, polished glass in sheets	0.1%
Extracts, essences, concentrates of tea, coffee,...Extracts, essences, concentrates of tea, coffee, mate	0.1%
Uncoated paper and paperboard nesUncoated paper and paperboard nes	0.1%
Halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbonsHalogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons	0.1%
Coconuts, brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or...Coconuts, brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried	0.1%
Polymers of vinyl chloride, other halogenated...Polymers of vinyl chloride, other halogenated olefins	0.1%
Bicycles, other cycles, not motorizedBicycles, other cycles, not motorized	0.1%
Womens, girls overcoats, etc, knit or crochetWomens, girls overcoats, etc, knit or crochet	0.1%
Rolled stainless steel sheet, width > 600mmRolled stainless steel sheet, width > 600mm	0.1%
See More Products	60.0%

Main Imports (% of Imports)	2010
Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except...Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude	13.0%
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals,...Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals, crude	6.3%
Aircraft, spacecraft, satellitesAircraft, spacecraft, satellites	2.3%
Motor vehicles for the transport of goodsMotor vehicles for the transport of goods	1.8%
Radio and tv transmitters, television camerasRadio and tv transmitters, television cameras	1.8%
Automatic data processing machines (computers)Automatic data processing machines (computers)	1.7%
Parts and accessories for motor vehiclesParts and accessories for motor vehicles	1.5%
Motor vehicles for transport of persons (except...Motor vehicles for transport of persons (except buses)	1.4%
Parts for radio, tv transmission, receive...Parts for radio, tv transmission, receive equipment	1.2%
Electronic integrated circuits and microassembliesElectronic integrated circuits and microassemblies	1.2%
Wheat and meslinWheat and meslin	1.0%
Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steelSemi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel	1.0%
Self-propelled earth moving, road making, etc...Self-propelled earth moving, road making, etc machines	0.9%
Soya-bean oil-cake and other solid residuesSoya-bean oil-cake and other solid residues	0.9%
Cotton, not carded or combedCotton, not carded or combed	0.8%
Cyclic hydrocarbonsCyclic hydrocarbons	0.8%
Solid cane or beet sugar and chemically pure...Solid cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose	0.8%
Passenger and goods transport ships, boatsPassenger and goods transport ships, boats	0.8%
Electric apparatus for line telephony, telegraphyElectric apparatus for line telephony, telegraphy	0.8%
Parts for use with lifting, moving machineryParts for use with lifting, moving machinery	0.8%
Parts for internal combustion spark ignition...Parts for internal combustion spark ignition engines	0.8%
Acyclic hydrocarbonsAcyclic hydrocarbons	0.7%
Shafts, cranks, gears, clutches, flywheel, pulleys...Shafts, cranks, gears, clutches, flywheel, pulleys etc	0.7%
Tube or hollow profile, seamless iron/steel not...Tube or hollow profile, seamless iron/steel not cast	0.7%
Knit or crochet fabric, nesKnit or crochet fabric, nes	0.6%
Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbonsPetroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons	0.6%
Printing and ancillary machineryPrinting and ancillary machinery	0.6%
Polymers of propylene, other olefins in primary...Polymers of propylene, other olefins in primary forms	0.6%
Soya beansSoya beans	0.6%
Pumps for liquidsPumps for liquids	0.6%
Hot-rolled products, iron/steel, width>600mm, not...Hot-rolled products, iron/steel, width>600mm, not clad	0.6%
Electrical switches, connectors, etc, for < 1kvElectrical switches, connectors, etc, for < 1kv	0.6%
Flat-rolled iron/steel, >600mm, not clad, plated,...Flat-rolled iron/steel, >600mm, not clad, plated, etc	0.6%
Polymers of ethylene, in primary formsPolymers of ethylene, in primary forms	0.6%
Mineral or chemical fertilizers, potassicMineral or chemical fertilizers, potassic	0.6%
Unwrought aluminiumUnwrought aluminium	0.5%
Acyclic alcohols and their derivativesAcyclic alcohols and their derivatives	0.5%
Insulated wire and cable, optical fibre cableInsulated wire and cable, optical fibre cable	0.5%
Taps, cocks, valves for pipes, tanks, boilers, etcTaps, cocks, valves for pipes, tanks, boilers, etc	0.5%
Ferrous waste or scrap, ingots or iron or steelFerrous waste or scrap, ingots or iron or steel	0.5%
Milk and cream, concentrated or sweetenedMilk and cream, concentrated or sweetened	0.5%
Flat-rolled iron/steel, >600mm, clad, plated or...Flat-rolled iron/steel, >600mm, clad, plated or coated	0.5%
Parts, accessories, except covers, for office...Parts, accessories, except covers, for office machines	0.4%
Refined copper and copper alloys, unwroughtRefined copper and copper alloys, unwrought	0.4%
Air, vacuum pumps, compressors, ventilating fans,...Air, vacuum pumps, compressors, ventilating fans, etc	0.4%
Synthetic rubberSynthetic rubber	0.4%
Parts and accessories of bicycles, motorcycles,...Parts and accessories of bicycles, motorcycles, etc	0.4%
Woven synthetic filament yarn, monofilament ...Woven synthetic filament yarn, monofilament >67dtex	0.4%
Waste or scrap of paper or paperboardWaste or scrap of paper or paperboard	0.4%
Polyacetals, polyethers, polycarbonates, etc,...Polyacetals, polyethers, polycarbonates, etc, primary	0.4%
Machinery for rubber, plastics industryMachinery for rubber, plastics industry	0.4%
Electric generating sets and rotary convertersElectric generating sets and rotary converters	0.4%
Electric transformers,static converters and...Electric transformers,static converters and rectifiers	0.4%
Steam turbines and other vapour turbinesSteam turbines and other vapour turbines	0.4%
Machines nes having individual functionsMachines nes having individual functions	0.4%
Diodes, transistors, semi-conductors, etcDiodes, transistors, semi-conductors, etc	0.4%
Liquid, gas centrifuges, filtering, purifying...Liquid, gas centrifuges, filtering, purifying machines	0.4%
Screws, bolts, nuts, rivets, washers, etc, iron,...Screws, bolts, nuts, rivets, washers, etc, iron, steel	0.4%
Woven cotton fabric, >85% cotton, < 200g/m2Woven cotton fabric, >85% cotton, < 200g/m2	0.4%
Machinery to sort, screen, wash, etc mineral...Machinery to sort, screen, wash, etc mineral products	0.3%
Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, not...Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, not dissolving	0.3%
Live bovine animalsLive bovine animals	0.3%
Ball or roller bearingsBall or roller bearings	0.3%
Air conditioning equipment, machineryAir conditioning equipment, machinery	0.3%
Machinery, non-domestic, involving heating or...Machinery, non-domestic, involving heating or cooling	0.3%
Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers/other gas turbine...Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers/other gas turbine engines	0.3%
New pneumatic tyres, of rubberNew pneumatic tyres, of rubber	0.3%
Electrical capacitors, fixed, variable or...Electrical capacitors, fixed, variable or adjustable	0.3%
Special purpose ships, vessels, nesSpecial purpose ships, vessels, nes	0.3%
Electronic printed circuitsElectronic printed circuits	0.3%
Chemical wood pulp, dissolving gradesChemical wood pulp, dissolving grades	0.3%
Iron ores and concentrates, roasted iron pyritesIron ores and concentrates, roasted iron pyrites	0.3%
Auxiliary plant for boilersAuxiliary plant for boilers	0.3%
Compression-ignition engines (diesel etc)Compression-ignition engines (diesel etc)	0.3%
Animal feed preparations, nesAnimal feed preparations, nes	0.3%
Tobacco unmanufactured, tobacco refuseTobacco unmanufactured, tobacco refuse	0.3%
Maize (corn)Maize (corn)	0.3%
Rolled stainless steel sheet, width > 600mmRolled stainless steel sheet, width > 600mm	0.3%
Structures, parts of structures of iron or steel,...Structures, parts of structures of iron or steel, nes	0.3%
RiceRice	0.3%
Food preparations, nesFood preparations, nes	0.3%
Parts of aircraft, spacecraft, etcParts of aircraft, spacecraft, etc	0.3%
Plastic plate, sheet, film not cellular,...Plastic plate, sheet, film not cellular, reinforced	0.2%
Parts for electrical switches, protectors,...Parts for electrical switches, protectors, connectors	0.2%
Electric equipment with heating element, domestic...Electric equipment with heating element, domestic etc	0.2%
Heterocyclics, nitrogen hetero atom only, nucleic...Heterocyclics, nitrogen hetero atom only, nucleic acid	0.2%
Articles of iron or steel nesArticles of iron or steel nes	0.2%
Bar, rod, angle etc nes, hollow steel drill barsBar, rod, angle etc nes, hollow steel drill bars	0.2%
Medicaments, therapeutic, prophylactic use, in...Medicaments, therapeutic, prophylactic use, in dosage	0.2%
Petroleum coke, bitumen & other oil industry...Petroleum coke, bitumen & other oil industry residues	0.2%
Plastic articles nesPlastic articles nes	0.2%
Polymers of styrene, in primary formsPolymers of styrene, in primary forms	0.2%
Mixted odoriferous substances for industrial useMixted odoriferous substances for industrial use	0.2%
Onions, shallots, garlic, leeks, etc. fresh or...Onions, shallots, garlic, leeks, etc. fresh or chilled	0.2%
Synthetic organic colouring matterSynthetic organic colouring matter	0.2%
Mineral or chemical fertilizers, nitrogenousMineral or chemical fertilizers, nitrogenous	0.2%
Electric motors and generators, except generating...Electric motors and generators, except generating sets	0.2%
Derricks, cranes, straddle carriers, crane trucksDerricks, cranes, straddle carriers, crane trucks	0.2%
Electric filament, discharge lampsElectric filament, discharge lamps	0.2%
Ignition/starter equipment, internal combustion...Ignition/starter equipment, internal combustion engine	0.2%
Electrical power, etc, control and distribution...Electrical power, etc, control and distribution boards	0.2%
Meat of bovine animals, frozenMeat of bovine animals, frozen	0.2%
Aluminium plates, sheets and strip, thickness > 0...Aluminium plates, sheets and strip, thickness > 0.2 mm	0.2%
Bovine or equine leather, no hair, not chamois,...Bovine or equine leather, no hair, not chamois, patent	0.2%
Gasoline and oil additivesGasoline and oil additives	0.2%
Machinery for dish washing, bottle washing,...Machinery for dish washing, bottle washing, filling	0.2%
Flat-rolled alloy steel nes, width >600mmFlat-rolled alloy steel nes, width >600mm	0.2%
Woven cotton nes, >85% cotton, >200g/m2Woven cotton nes, >85% cotton, >200g/m2	0.2%
Wheat or meslin flourWheat or meslin flour	0.2%
Starches, inulinStarches, inulin	0.2%
Lifting, handling, loading machinery nesLifting, handling, loading machinery nes	0.2%
Articles of vulcanised rubber except hard rubber,...Articles of vulcanised rubber except hard rubber, nes	0.2%
Apples, pears and quinces, freshApples, pears and quinces, fresh	0.2%
Unwrought zincUnwrought zinc	0.2%
Containers, bobbins and packages, of plasticsContainers, bobbins and packages, of plastics	0.2%
Steam/vapour generating boiler(except central...Steam/vapour generating boiler(except central heating)	0.2%
Tugs and pusher craftTugs and pusher craft	0.2%
Pipe fittings, of iron or steelPipe fittings, of iron or steel	0.2%
Tube, pipe of iron or steel, except seamless > 406...Tube, pipe of iron or steel, except seamless > 406.4mm	0.2%
Spark-ignition internal combustion enginesSpark-ignition internal combustion engines	0.2%
CarbonatesCarbonates	0.2%
Ground-nuts, not roasted or otherwise cookedGround-nuts, not roasted or otherwise cooked	0.2%
Insecticides, fungicides, herbicides etc (retail)Insecticides, fungicides, herbicides etc (retail)	0.2%
Unsaturated acyclic, cyclic monocarboxylc acid,...Unsaturated acyclic, cyclic monocarboxylc acid, derivs	0.2%
Polyamides in primary formsPolyamides in primary forms	0.2%
Machinery for making pulp, paper, paperboardMachinery for making pulp, paper, paperboard	0.2%
Synthetic filament yarn(not sewing thread) not...Synthetic filament yarn(not sewing thread) not retail	0.2%
Audio-electronic equipment, except recording...Audio-electronic equipment, except recording devices	0.2%
Colouring matter nes, inorganic luminophoresColouring matter nes, inorganic luminophores	0.2%
Prepr binder for foundryPrepr binder for foundry	0.2%
Organic surface active agent, preparation, except...Organic surface active agent, preparation, except soap	0.2%
Synthetic staple fibres, not processed for...Synthetic staple fibres, not processed for spinning	0.1%
Electric accumulatorsElectric accumulators	0.1%
Aluminium oxide, hydroxide and artificial corundumAluminium oxide, hydroxide and artificial corundum	0.1%
Unwrought leadUnwrought lead	0.1%
Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids,...Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids, derivatives	0.1%
Instruments etc for medical, surgical, dental, etc...Instruments etc for medical, surgical, dental, etc use	0.1%
Fertilizer mixtures in packs of < 10kgFertilizer mixtures in packs of < 10kg	0.1%
Moulds for metals (except ingot), plastic, rubber,...Moulds for metals (except ingot), plastic, rubber, etc	0.1%
Refrigerators, freezers and heat pumps nesRefrigerators, freezers and heat pumps nes	0.1%
Fabric impregnated, coated or covered with plasticFabric impregnated, coated or covered with plastic	0.1%
Self-adhesive plates, sheets, film etc of plasticSelf-adhesive plates, sheets, film etc of plastic	0.1%
Acrylic polymers in primary formsAcrylic polymers in primary forms	0.1%
Angles, shapes and sections of iron or non-alloy...Angles, shapes and sections of iron or non-alloy steel	0.1%
Citrus fruit, fresh or driedCitrus fruit, fresh or dried	0.1%
Interchangeable tools and dies for hand or power...Interchangeable tools and dies for hand or power tools	0.1%
Parts for electric motors and generatorsParts for electric motors and generators	0.1%
Mineral or chemical fertilizers, phosphaticMineral or chemical fertilizers, phosphatic	0.1%
Industrial food and drink preparation machinery...Industrial food and drink preparation machinery nes	0.1%
Electric lighting, signal equipment, car electrics...Electric lighting, signal equipment, car electrics nes	0.1%
Machines for processing textile fibresMachines for processing textile fibres	0.1%
Lubricant, oils, textile, leather work, <70%...Lubricant, oils, textile, leather work, <70% petroleum	0.1%
Orthopaedic appliancesOrthopaedic appliances	0.1%
Starch, sugar, brewing & distilling industry...Starch, sugar, brewing & distilling industry residues	0.1%
Fork-lift trucks, other trucks with lifting...Fork-lift trucks, other trucks with lifting equipment	0.1%
Electrical resistors and rheostats except for...Electrical resistors and rheostats except for heating	0.1%
Woven cotton, <85% cotton with manmade fibre,<200g...Woven cotton, <85% cotton with manmade fibre,<200g/m2	0.1%
Amino-resins, pheonolic resins, polyurethanes,...Amino-resins, pheonolic resins, polyurethanes, primary	0.1%
Rubber tube, pipe, hose, except hard rubberRubber tube, pipe, hose, except hard rubber	0.1%
Paper, board, clay, inorganic coated at least one...Paper, board, clay, inorganic coated at least one side	0.1%
Nonwovens textiles except feltNonwovens textiles except felt	0.1%
Machine-tools for forging, die-stamping, bending...Machine-tools for forging, die-stamping, bending metal	0.1%
Paper, board, etc coated, impregnated, coloured,...Paper, board, etc coated, impregnated, coloured, nes	0.1%
Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon,...Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon, nes)	0.1%
Optical fibres, lenses, mirrors, prisms, etcOptical fibres, lenses, mirrors, prisms, etc	0.1%
Electric sound or visual signal equipment nesElectric sound or visual signal equipment nes	0.1%
Earth or snow moving, boring or pile driving...Earth or snow moving, boring or pile driving machines	0.1%
Halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbonsHalogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons	0.1%
Wire of iron or non-alloy steelWire of iron or non-alloy steel	0.1%
Uncoated kraft paper and paperboardUncoated kraft paper and paperboard	0.1%
Household, sanitary, hospital paper articles,...Household, sanitary, hospital paper articles, clothing	0.1%
Television receivers, video monitors, projectorsTelevision receivers, video monitors, projectors	0.1%
Fish, frozen, wholeFish, frozen, whole	0.1%
Copper plates, sheets and strips, thickness > 0...Copper plates, sheets and strips, thickness > 0.15mm	0.1%
Organo-sulphur compoundsOrgano-sulphur compounds	0.1%
See More Products	74.7%

Source: Comtrade, Last Available Data

See More Products: More imports (Intracen Data)
More exports (Intracen Data)

Sources of General Economic Information

Ministries: Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Industry
Ministry of Commerce
Statistical Office: Statistical Office
Central Bank: Central Bank of Indonesia
Stock Exchange: Jakarta Stock Exchange
Search Engines: Indo
Google
Economic Portals: Economic, commercial and sectoral information about Indonesia and Asia in general

Political Outline

Executive Power: The President is both the head of the State and the head of the government. The President enjoys the executive powers and appoints the cabinet. Both the President and the Vice-President are elected through direct universal suffrage for five-year terms. The President is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and responsible for domestic governance and policy-making and foreign affairs.
Legislative Power: The legislature in Indonesia is bicameral. The parliament called People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) consists of: DPR (House of People’s Representatives – lower house) having 550 seats with its members elected directly to serve five-year terms, and DPD (House of Regional Representatives- upper house) having 128 seats with each province electing 4 members on a non-party basis. The President cannot dissolve the parliament but the President has the power to veto bills, and in turn a supermajority of legislators may act to override the veto.The people of Indonesia have limited political rights.
Main Political Parties: Indonesia has a multi-party system where a single party does not often have a chance of gaining power alone. Thus parties need to work together to form coalition governments. The major political parties in Indonesia are:
- PD (Democratic Party) - advocates ‘Pancasila’ – the 5 principles the Constitution is based on;
- Golkar (Functional Groups Party) – initially an alliance of NGOs opposing communism, now advocates democratic and liberal values;
- PBB (Crescent Moon and Star Party) – a moderate Islamist party;
- PDI-P (Indonesian Party for the Democratic Fight) – based on ‘Pancasila’ ideology, a split-away group from the PD led by ex-President Megawati Sukarnoputri.
Current Political Leaders: President: Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since October 2004) - PD
Vice-President: Muhammad Yusuf KALLA (since October 2004) - Golkar
Next Election Dates: Presidential: July 2014

Indicator of Freedom of the Press

World Rank:: 117/178
Evolution:: 16 places down compared to 2009

Source: Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2010, Reporters Without Borders

Indicator of Political Freedom

Ranking:: Free
Political Freedom:: 2/7
Civil Liberties:: 3/7

Map of freedom 2010
Source: Freedom House

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Indonesia: Economic and Political Outline