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flag Romania Romania: Operating a Business

Setting Up a Company | Working Conditions | Cost of Labor | Social Partners

Setting Up a Company

Legal Business Entities

Types of Companies and Capital (Max/Min) Number of Partners/Shareholders and Liability
Limited Liability Company
 
At least RON 200
Minimum of 1; maximum of 50
 
Liability is limited to the amount of investment.
Public Company
 
At least RON 90,000
Minimum of 2 shareholders.
 
Liability is limited to the amount of investment.
General Partnership
 
No capital minimum.
Minimum 2 partners: One general partner and one limited partner
 
Unlimited liability
Limited Liability Partnership
 
No capital minimum.
Minimum 2 partners: One general partner and one limited partner
 
Liability limited to capital.
 
The Competent Organization
The National Trade Register Office.
Search a Company or a Financial Report
Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania
 
Setting Up a Company Romania Eastern Europe & Central Asia
Procedures (number) 6.0 6.3
Time (days) 10.0 16.3

Source: Doing Business.

 
Business Setup Procedures
Consult Doing Business Website, to know about procedures to start a Business in Romania.
Trade Register

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Working Conditions

Legal Weekly Duration
According to the Romanian Labor Code, working hours must be uniform, that is 8 hours per day for 5 days with 2 days off per week. The minimum length of annual vacation is 20 workdays.
Retirement Age
57 years old for women and 62 years old for men.
Working Contracts
The employment contract is regulated by the laws and to a lesser extent by the agreements of collective and the cases of individuals.
The formalization of the work contract and employment conditions are extremely rigid.
Romania has the same main types of work contracts known in Western Europe: the contract for an indefinite duration, the contract for a fixed-term of employment, the contract from an agency placing temporary workers. One can also work part time or at home.
NOTE: it is prohibited to employ minors under the age of 15.

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Cost of Labor

Minimum Wage
The gross minimum wage is guaranteed at RON 670 (about USD 222).
Average Wage
Average monthly gross earnings in Romania is RON 2,0267 (USD 660).
Social contributions
Social Security Contributions Paid By Employers: 34% to 44%.
Social Security Contributions Paid By Employees: 9% for natives and 5.5% for foreigners on taxable income earned in Romania.

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Social Partners

Social Dialogue and Involvement of Social Partners
Trade unions play a relatively important role in the Romanian work sector. It is estimated that about 40% of employees are unionized. Some of the unions are: the National Free Trade Union Confederation of Romania (C.N.S.L.R.- FRÃTIA) and the Alfa Cartel.
Unions
Law 54/2003 on trade unions
Unionization Rate
About 40% of employees are unionized.
Labor Regulation Bodies
The Ministry of Labor, Family and Social Protection.

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Learn more about Operating a Business in Romania on Globaltrade.net, the Directory for International Trade Services.
 

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Last Updates: January 2012